speech disorders

Speech disorders in adults

Speech disorders in adults can have different causes. However, there is always a disturbance in the area of the speech center (i.d.R in the left part) of the brain. Causes may include a stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, accidental brain injury, brain tumors, inflammatory brain diseases and also brain destruction processes. Speech therapists call this form of speech disorder aphasia.
An aphasia usually affects the different linguistic levels (phonation, word meaning, sentence structure) and the various speech processing channels (speaking, language comprehension, writing, reading).

What language disorders are there?

Noise at the sound level

Phonematic paraphasias

Disturbances on the sound level in the word are referred to as “phonemic paraphasias”. One or more sounds can be omitted or added. The change can even go so far that the word can no longer be understood by the communication partner.

Loud omissions (Elisionen)
Substitution (Substitutions)
Sound supplements (additions)
Sound conversions (metathesis)

The sound changes (phonological disturbances) can affect single, but also several sounds in one word.

Vocabulary disorders

Semantic paraphasia

Vocabulary disorders occur as so-called “semantic paraphasias”. Such disorders in the choice of words are often unnoticed by the patient himself. Vocabulary vocabulary often occurs as a word-finding disorder. This manifests itself in the fact that the person affected a word or the name of an object is not remembered – a phenomenon that most language healthy occasionally have (“it is my tongue”). In the case of the aphasic, however, it can occur in almost every sentence in extreme cases. Depending on the severity of the word finding disorder, everyday communication can be easily or severely compromised.

Disorders of grammar

Disturbances of the grammar occur either as a strong simplification of the sentence structure (then sentences may possibly only consist of three words) or the sentence construction becomes extremely “confused”. In this case, then usually several phrases are nested in each other or sentence members repeated several times. Often it also comes to the omission or use of false items. Thus sentences can arise like: “The other problem is only that, that my own power is not enough for me.”
Further information on aphasia

Voice processing channels

The disturbances of the linguistic levels usually do not affect only the loud speaking. Often the writing and reading as well as the understanding of language are affected to the same extent. So it always comes back to misunderstandings between the aphasic and his interlocutors.

What help does the speech therapy offer?

Speech therapy in aphasia, after a detailed diagnosis, first includes the treatment of language deficits. This is usually done in individual therapy involving all speech processing channels. However, the inclusion of real communication situations in the therapy is absolutely necessary. This can be done by consulting the partner of the aphasic or other affected persons. If a speech communication is no longer possible, the speech therapist will work with the aphasic a so-called communication book. As a supplement to speech therapy, computer programs have been increasingly used by speech therapists for several years. Of course, counseling of relatives in logopedic therapy also plays a crucial role.

Services for medical rehabilitation

In the case of aphasics, benefits according to § 26 of the Social Code Book IX (SGB IX) can also be claimed.

Prescription according to catalog of remedies

Specialists in speech disorders

Get to know the speech therapists specializing in the treatment of aphasia.

consultation

We are happy to assist you with any questions concerning a speech disorder. Contact us.

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