As Kroneninfraktion is the incomplete fracture of a tooth. The term is used in English "Cracked tooth syndrome" used.
It is a crack or crack in the tooth that is either limited to the tooth crown or that includes the root.
Teeth that have an infraction are for the most part already teeth filled with fillings. The molars are often affected because they are exposed to high pressure when chewed.
Symptoms – complaints
A crown fraction does not always cause discomfort. Often, patients do not know that a tooth already has an infraction.
Sometimes it gets involved short, sharp pain noticeable when eating. A common symptom is that Sensitivity of the tooth to hot and cold. Also one occlusal sensitivity of the affected tooth can occur.
There is no permanent pain, but it can occur if the tear spreads to the pulp (tooth nerve) and there is inflammation of the nerve (pulpitis).
Pathogenesis (disease development) – etiology (causes)
There are several causes that can lead to an infraction. The most common reason is trauma (injury), such as can occur when accidentally biting on a hard fruit core.
Suddenly gritting your teeth in the event of an accident or fright can result in such high loads that a tooth infracts.
Teeth that are already weakened are particularly at risk. This includes teeth with large carious defects, large fillings or teeth treated with root canals.
Even in the course of dental treatment, an infraction can occur on the weakened tooth, for example if too much pressure is applied when a root canal filling is introduced.
Factors that increase the risk of an infraction parafunctions – crunch and squeeze – as well occlusal trauma* and incorrect loads.
* Occlusal trauma was defined as early as 1917: "as a condition in which closing of the jaw leads to damage to the holding apparatus of the teeth with submicroscopic or microscopic changes in the root membrane, which causes reversible pathological mobility" (Stillman 1917).
sequelae
If an infraction spreads to the pulp (tooth nerve), this can cause pulpitis (inflammation of the tooth nerve). Sometimes the affected tooth has to be subjected to a root canal treatment.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of an infraction is often difficult, often the cracks are so fine that they are barely visible to the naked eye.
A classic symptom is the appearance of pain after biting on a hard object. This can be easily tested by the dentist. You can also try to make the crack visible with dye.
therapy
to Therapy of infraction it is necessary first to prevent the progression of the jump by splinting the tooth. Then a final restoration of the tooth must be done using partial crown or Crown to adequately protect him from a complete fracture. Also ceramic inlays can offer sufficient stability.
After a definitive restoration, the complaints associated with the infraction, such as temperature and bite sensitivity, usually subside:
Geurtsen W: diagnosis, therapy and prevention of the crown fraction. DFZ 10.40-46 (2001)
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