Electric cars – the future is near?

The electric car does not have it easy. On the one hand, the auto industry, driven by politics, is increasingly building on a buzzing future; on the other hand, there is still skepticism among the general public. Therefore, the EU and. Their states with consumption penalties for manufacturers and purchase incentives for electric cars that electric cars become more attractive in comparison. Among others, austria and the uK have special regulations for electric cars. In addition to subsidies, there are many other strategies that the individual countries are taking advantage of.

For those who no longer want to opt for a pure combustion engine but not yet for a pure electric car, hybrid cars can be a sensible transition technology. They take advantage of some of the benefits of electromobility, but at the same time do not have to forego the high range of internal combustion engines.

electric cars as climate savers?

The hopes of policymakers rest on electric cars. They are intended to replace combustion engines and ensure mobility that is as climate-friendly as possible. Although there are currently still justified concerns about the climate-friendliness of battery production and recycling. The provision of sufficient electricity from renewable energy sources is also still an unsolved problem. Nevertheless, many EU countries are choosing to promote electromobility and grant certain privileges and rights to users of electric cars.

The targets are ambitious. Germany, for example, wanted to get one million electric cars on its roads in the shortest possible time. With around 68.000 new registrations in 2018, the company ranked second in europe behind norway, but is still a long way from achieving its target. The situation is similar in other european countries. These pursuing ambitious goals, still has a lot of work to do before it reaches its goal.

Different types of hybrid cars

Hybrid cars are seen as a bridge technology on the way to purely electric cars. There are many different variants of hybrids with different strengths and weaknesses in each case. A special role mild hybrids a. In hybrid cars, a small electric motor provides more power when the vehicle is moving off, and the gasoline engine can be switched off for longer periods than with a conventional automatic start-stop system. The engine is then switched off not only when at a standstill at traffic lights, but also when rolling in between, which saves more fuel. They also have a generator that recovers energy when braking.

mild hybrids are still strongly focused on the combustion engine, which is only supported by the electric motor. Full hybrids have a much more powerful electric motor, which has enough power to drive the car on its own. Due to their small battery (maximum 1.5 kwh), this is often possible for them, but only for short periods at a time. Nevertheless, the bottom line is a significant reduction in fuel consumption, especially in stop-and-go operation. Potentially even more with the plug-in hybrids, the distinguishing feature is a significantly larger battery (10 to over 15 kwh) that is charged via a charging station. They can cover distances of 50 to over 70 kilometers on electric power alone, which is sufficient for most drivers’ daily commute. However, they only really make sense for daily charging.

Electric cars - the future is near?

Photo: pixabay.De © lobpreis CCO public domain

This is how austria promotes electromobility

Austria’s politicians are very interested in the expansion of electromobility. By the end of 2018, around 18.000 electric cars on austrian roads, but even then the trend was upward. That is why the austrian government an e-mobility package on the way. The aim is to create incentives for electric cars instead of banning other forms of propulsion. However, life is becoming increasingly difficult for the latter due to the tightening of the standard fuel consumption tax (nova) and vehicle tax.

the mobility package has introduced various regulations for electric cars. The speed limit for such vehicles has been lifted within certain limits in Austria. Since they are emission-free, they are allowed to drive 130 km/h in (specially marked) IGL 100 zones without being prosecuted for this. Thus, users of electric cars can on 440 kilometers throughout austria driving faster than other road users. In addition, cities and municipalities have been recommended to make bus lanes available for electric cars and to make short-term parking zones free of charge. Recommendations that have hardly been implemented to date.

In comparison: regulations in Great Britain

Great Britain is one of the biggest promoters of electromobility in europe. In 2018, there were already around 60.000 vehicles were registered, putting the country in third place in Europe. In addition, Great Britain in the area of charging stations at the forefront. the european commission advises that there should be one public charging station per ten cars. Great Britain has taken up this recommendation despite brexit and has expanded its charging infrastructure to this end. The goal is to have a maximum distance of 200 km between two charging stations.

Furthermore the united kingdom has decided to, abolish company car tax for electric cars. As of this year, the non-cash benefits resulting from the private use of electric company cars are no longer taxable (as in Austria). Last but not least, the uK, like many other countries, subsidizes electric cars, although the subsidies were reduced this year.

Subsidies for electric cars in the EU countries

The EU countries are focusing on funding strategies to promote electromobility. Among other things, this includes allowing electric vehicles to park free of charge in many european cities. In addition, oslo (norway) has decided that such vehicles should be driving in the bus and cab lane allowed to drive faster in heavy traffic. In addition, many countries are opting for environmental bonuses to provide purchase incentives for electric cars. Norway is a particular pioneer in terms of e-mobility in Europe. The Scandinavian country waives the purchase VAT, registration tax and annual vehicle tax for electric cars. It is also continuously expanding its infrastructure and promoting the image of electric cars.

However, there are also countries that are not yet particularly committed to electromobility. For example, in estonia, croatia, lithuania, malta and poland no special subsidies for electric cars. The respective results speak for themselves. In these countries, the market share of electric cars is extremely low, while in the other european countries it has grown continuously.

Further strategies to promote electromobility

the european countries have a broad portfolio of options to promote electromobility. Here, not least, bans are being resorted to. For example internal combustion engines to disappear completely from the roads over time. The netherlands, the united Kingdom and slovenia, for example, have decided that no new vehicles with internal combustion engines may be registered after 2030. The same target is set in France for 2040.

Furthermore, many EU countries choose to promote their electric cars through tax breaks and allow the users make access as easy as possible. In addition, there are many countries that provide purchase and scrapping premiums to make the purchase of electric cars attractive. People in france and slovenia receive particularly large amounts of money, but there are also numerous purchase incentives for such vehicles in austria, ireland, sweden and germany.

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Christina Cherry
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