Dimensioning of escape and rescue routes, fire protection, escape

Dimensioning of escape and rescue routes

Escape and rescue routes must enable people to independently reach safe areas (stairwells, public traffic areas) or to be saved via them. They are therefore limited in length. In addition, they should be as wide, that they meet the requirements based on the physical constitution of the user.

Gallery

There must be at least one exit from any point in a common room to a necessary stairwell or to the outside at a maximum of 35 meters away to lead

Image: Baunetz (yk), Berlin

Emergency lighting for escape routes

Image: Baunetz (yk), Berlin

Image: Baunetz (bo), Berlin

width
According to the Model Building Regulations (MBO) § 34 (5), the usable width of the stairways and stairways of necessary stairs must be sufficient for the largest traffic to be expected. This also applies to the necessary corridors. The minimum width of building inspection escape routes (stairs) for buildings that are not special buildings, e.g. Residential buildings, buildings with office or administrative use, can according to Table 1 DIN 18065 building stairs – terms, measurement rules, main dimensions (Technical Building Regulation – ETB). The usable stair width is the clear finished dimension that is measured horizontally between the surfaces of the delimiting components or the inside edges of the handrail. The usable width of necessary corridors should be chosen a little wider, e.g. ≥ 1.25 m around openings in the area of doors with a To make unfinished construction of 1.01 m (clear dimension approx. 95 cm) possible.

Limit dimensions according to DIN 18065 building stairs

length
"At least one exit to a necessary stairwell or to the outside must be reachable from every point of a common room and a basement at a maximum of 35 meters away" (§ 35 (2) MBO). For the first building rescue route, the MBO limits the permitted length of each point in a common room to ≤ 35 meters. The length of the escape route is also set at 35 meters in most state building regulations (LBO). The distance is usually in a straight line, but not measured by components. In the case of meeting places, on the other hand, 30.00 m is the measure for the length of the path to the safe exit / safety staircase, in the case of sales points 25.00 m from each point in a sales room. Depending on the type and use of special buildings or workplaces, shorter escape and rescue routes may be necessary or longer ones may be permitted. You can find the relevant information in the chapter Special buildings, e.g. at the high-rise buildings or the accommodation facilities (see below > On the subject).

Expertise on the subject

Building regulations for standard buildings

The fire protection required for structural systems (buildings etc.) is largely hierarchical in public building law.

According to the MBO, there must be at least two independent escape routes for use units with at least one common room on each floor

Image: Brucker / fire department Aalen

Definition of escape and rescue routes

Escape routes are routes, e.g. Corridors, stairs and exits to the outside, via which people and animals in the event of danger (in the event of fire).

In high-rise buildings, the clear width of each part of escape routes must be at least 1.20 m

Image: Baunetz (kt), Berlin

Dimensioning of escape and rescue routes for special buildings

Depending on the type and use of special buildings or workplaces, shorter escape and rescue routes may or may be necessary.