occlusion

The right occlusion – crucial for the long-term success of dentures

The occlusion refers to the contact of the teeth of the upper and lower jaw. Although teeth only touch for a few minutes during the day, dental occlusion is an important issue.

What does occlusion stand for in dentistry??

If the lower jaw is in a relaxed position, there is no contact between the teeth of the Upper and lower jaw available.

In this condition, the distance of the upper and lower rows of teeth in the healthy dentition is 2 – 4 millimeters. Even when chewing no tooth contact takes place, since in this case the food ensures a natural distance. Only a few minutes a day, a normal, so-called harmonic, occlusion occurs to the touch of the teeth. An exception are nervous symptoms that lead to tension in the jaw muscles or nocturnal teeth grinding. In these cases, it comes to increased tooth contacts.

Despite the normally low tooth contacts, occlusion plays an important role in dentistry. Occlusal anomalies, that is, deviations from normally defined tooth contacts, are the cause of various dysfunctions of the causal system and accompanying symptoms.

Read more about:

Loose teeth – the end result of an untreated periodontal disease?
Bite is the totality of all teeth in the jaw – with removable denture = dentures
How to treat teeth grinding?

What types of occlusion are there?

Earlier it was argued that the so-called final bite delivers meaningful information. In the process, only the tooth contacts were deliberately checked and evaluated when the teeth bite each other deliberately. Recent findings indicate that the occlusion must be viewed from multiple angles in order to gain insightful information, as mere control by the final bite is insufficient.

Static occlusion – tooth contacts (occlusion point) while the lower jaw is at rest
Dynamic occlusion – tooth contacts (occlusion point) resulting from the movement of the lower jaw

As part of the static and dynamic occlusion, other types of occlusion are considered in detail in order to detect possible anomalies and to draw conclusions about existing symptoms.

The habitual occlusion refers to the final bite position of the teeth normally taken by the patient when the lower jaw is motionless.
The centric occlusion considers the number of tooth contacts as part of the static occlusion. Ideally, the temporomandibular joint assumes a centered position.
The guidance of the anterior teeth in the context of dynamic occlusion informs about the contact points of the anterior teeth with moving lower jaw.
The dynamic occlusion of the canine guide looks at the contact points of the canines of the upper and lower jaw in the movement.
The group guide defines the dynamic occlusion of multiple teeth as the jaw moves on the laterotrusion side. The laterotrusion side (working side) refers to the side of the temporomandibular joint from which the lower jaw moves away.

How are the types of occlusion detected each?

To make the tooth contacts (occlusion point) of a dentition visible, the dentist or dental technician uses an occlusion foil. This is a color coated film. If the patient bites on the foil, the tooth contact points (often the molars of a molar tooth) are colored during this process.

Dyeing allows the dentist or dental technician to see each occlusion point and determine the exact occlusion of a tooth or entire dentition. By doing so, it is possible for the dentist to ideally adapt newly made fillings to the opposite tooth or to detect misalignments and to take appropriate measures. This may be a simple adaptation of the surface of a molar tooth or an orthodontic measure.

How long does it take to adjust the type of bite for occlusion disorders??

There are several causes of occlusion abnormalities that require treatment according to their impact on the dentition and the organism. Therapy is necessary if there is an overload on the causal system or if the anomaly causes damage to the tooth substance.

The setting usually takes a session at the dentist. Depending on whether a tooth is ground or built – or additional measures are required. If orthodontic treatment is needed to correct the problem, optimizing the occlusion takes up to two years.

When does one speak of an occlusion anomaly?

An occlusion anomaly is referred to when the static and dynamic occlusion does not meet the requirements of a harmonious occlusion. A harmonious occlusion is given when the posterior teeth are perfectly supported.

If the canine guidance presents itself steeply upwards, a uniform guidance of the anterior teeth is given. These features are complemented by a stable lateral position of the temporomandibular joint, which is centered in the deliberate bite of the teeth.

Caries and periodontitis can also lead to occlusion anomalies. The regular visit to the dentist is an important preventive step in this topic.

Which occlusion disorders are there?

Diverge the teeth of the teeth of the harmonic ideal, this leads to different disorders, which manifest themselves in the below-mentioned complaints.

Loss of tooth hard tissue and shortening of the teeth due to early tooth contact
Masticatory Disorders
Posture faults

Above all, impaired functioning and body malaise manifest in the form of so-called CMD complaints. CMD, Cranio Mandibular dysfunction, describes a mismatch between skull and mandible (mandible). The symptoms of CMD are expressed in many ways. These include, for example, pain in the posterior region or in the temporomandibular joint. Long-term untreated occlusion anomalies lead to tension in the neck, shoulder and neck area with further complaints.

What different types of bites knows the dentistry?

Dentistry knows several types of bites. The therapy is dependent on the expression of the missing bite and negative effects on the causal system and the teeth.

What does Mesail mean?

This is a malformation of upper and lower jaw. Depending on whether only one jaw or lower and upper jaw are affected, one speaks of a one-sided or two-sided misalignment. Typical is the lower jaw protruding beyond the upper jaw.

distoclusion

In the distal bite, the lower jaw lies behind the upper jaw, while the incisors protrude above the anterior teeth of the lower jaw. The distal (back arch) occlusion is guaranteed in many cases with this bite. If this is not the case, the dentistry speaks of a bad bite.

Crossbite (also called slate bite)

There is a distinction between frontal and lateral crossbite. In the frontal cross bite are the lower snow />

Would you like to know more about the topic??

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Dr. Frank Seidel

Last update of this page on 08.09.2019 by Dr. dr. Frank Seidel.

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