Dr. Dirk Stolley Dentist in Dusseldorf Practice with Consulting PLUS | glossary

by bacteria (usually staphylococci and streptococci) caused limited, completed pus accumulation. In contrast to the phlegmon, the abscess is surrounded by an abscess membrane (granulation tissue).
Apart from the tooth root abscesses (= granuloma), gingival pocket abscesses (= periodontal abscess) also occur. In addition to the elimination of the causes (cleaning the periodontal pocket, drilling the tooth to kill the bacteria), the abscess i.d.R. be split (incised) from the oral cavity.

Antibiotics may be useful in the initial stages, but otherwise only serve to shield the surrounding tissue in a reduced general condition.

the tooth-bearing part of a jawbone pointing to the opposing jaw. In his alveoli (tooth racks) are the natural teeth. In the edentulous jaw one speaks of alveolar or alveolar ridge.

Technical term for any metal alloy with mercury; universally usable filling material in the invisible area; scientifically, clinically, technically and economically recognized worldwide. Today in dentistry as an “alloy” of the metals silver u. Tin and mixing with mercury (proportion

50%) as “silver amalgam” in use.

Contraindicated in severe renal impairment, in children up to the age of 6 and pregnant women (as a precautionary measure), in retrograde root fillings, as well as build-up fillings under cast crowns when the build is indirectly related to crown fabrication.

derived from anti (= against) and biotics (= belonging to life); Pharmacological method to combat the “foreign life” invaded into the body, without significantly damaging the body’s own cells: A. are – pharmacologically speaking – among the safest medicines ever. In the ZHK mainly used at

purulent infections from the tooth (periodontitis apicalis, pericoronitis, abscess, accidental infections)
Acute necrotizing gingivitis (ANUG)
Acute purulent salivary inflammation
Acute and chronic osteomyelitis
actinomycosis

Prophylaxis during extensive operations Antibiotics are metabolites derived from microorganisms or synthetically produced drugs that inhibit pathogens in their development (= bacteriostatic) or kill them (= bactericidal) and relieve the body’s own immune system.

Known representatives are penicillins, cephalosporins, chloramphenicol derivatives, clindamycin, tetrazycline, aminoglycosides, erythromycin or other macrolides, lincosamides, metronidazole, fluoroquinolones. Use in severe infections (e.g., osteomyelitis, abscesses) in the oral cavity. Most of the infections that occur in dentistry are caused by Gram-positive bacteria (streptococci, non-penicillinase-forming staphylococci). To combat these microorganisms are primarily oral penicillins (penicillin V and propicillin) and as an alternative erythromycin or clindamycin into consideration.

Method used in (micro-) surgical periodontology to cover exposed dental root sections (“dental necks”, so-called gingival recessions). With a special “mucous membrane” (Mukotom) or prepared by hand, a thin piece of the palate or buccal mucosa (Biocompatible

biocompatible; of “bios” (= life) and “compare”; Biocompatibility = degree of tissue compatibility of a foreign substance or medical device inserted into the body or coming into contact with its surface. The body’s own defense reactions to the foreign can occur locally or systemically. Very important for implants or dentures, which come in direct contact with body tissue for a long time. The body reactions are visible on so-called “biological markers”, which can be detected by biochemical constituents in the blood or by cell reactions.

The ceramic compositions are said to have high biocompatibility; however, metals are basically (more or less strong to negligible = tolerant) bioactive, thus affecting in some way the organism. Biocompatibility tests are generally prescribed by the Medical Devices Act; a special examination on a patient in a particular case is only required and appropriate for a specific event.

This minor surgical procedure is necessary on teeth in which a caries has left a very deep defect and a crown restoration is planned. It is known that there is a clear correlation between gingivitis and the location of the crown margin under the gum. The deeper the crown margin was placed subgingivally, the more the inflammation increased. The physiological periodontal pocket is 0.5 to 1 mm, in rare cases up to 1.5 mm.

If, for aesthetic reasons, for example, one wishes to place a crown margin subgingivally, care must be taken to observe these anatomical conditions. For many reasons, it may be necessary to include more hard tooth substance with a restoration than is compatible with the biological principles. At the same time, a fully mobilized gingival flap is lifted off at least in the area of the marginal bone, the alveolar bone is removed up to a distance of about 3 mm (Ostectomy) and the resulting “bone balconies” revert to the natural physiological form modeled (osteoplastics). Understandably, even after the surgical crown extension, an adequate waiting time until the definitive crown restoration of approximately 6 to 8 weeks must be maintained.

Computerized tomography tomographic recording spec. X-ray diagnostic method for displaying only a specific, relatively thin body layer. The conventional X-ray technique provides summation images since the 3-dimensional body part located between the X-ray source and the X-ray film is 2-dimensionally imaged on the X-ray film; As a result, structures that are not adjacent to one another but one behind the other in the direction of the beam path can not be distinguished from one another.

Due to a synchronous movement of X-ray tube and film (or sensors in digital technology) – with which the beam path constantly changes its direction, and the structures to be examined are irradiated from many different sides – are only lying in a limited plane layers sharply presented; other areas above and below are “projected” in such a way that they overshadow the sharp layer but interfere only insignificantly. Ordinary X-ray film is no longer suitable for this process. In digital technology, it has been replaced by a wreath of very sensitive electronic detectors, which can display a much higher contrast resolution than conventional X-ray images.

Dentin, the relatively soft, bone-like tooth substance, which is coated in the root area with the dental root cement, in the crown area with the very hard enamel. Consists of about 45% by volume of hydroxyapatite crystals (= mineralized hard substance), 30% by volume of organic matrix and 25% by volume of water; is subject due to the organic components of a reduced body metabolism. The dentin contains small tubules (tubules) filled with fluid (dentin cerebrospinal fluid), which communicate with the dental pulp (“nerve”) and transmit stimuli from the outside. As a result, the more it approaches the pulp, the more it gets into the dentin, it causes pain.

This diagnostic is very similar to a computer tomograph (CT), but superior to the conventional imaging techniques due to the better recording quality and lower radiation exposure especially for the diagnosis of surgical procedures in the context of dental implantology. Before a planned implantation an exact determination of the bony structures of the upper or lower jaw is carried out with the help of this procedure. The recording takes about 70 seconds, the subsequent evaluation allows the surgeon a concrete planning of the intended implant supply and thus an accurate predictability of the result in terms of scope and cost of treatment.

GBR also called “guided bone regeneration” or “membrane-assisted bone regeneration”; This refers to the healing of bone grafts under the protection of a tissue-friendly membrane. Is after healing of the bone (

10 – 12 months) in a second surgical procedure.

encapsulated pyrex at the apex of a tooth; also called “egg pouch” or “infected tooth”. In dentistry, occurring at the root of dead teeth, it can u.U.U.U. affect the whole body. The granuloma is a kind of protective reaction of the body, it can occasionally “degenerate” into a (benign) cyst. With a reduced immune status of the body G. can lead to a “thick cheek” up to osteomyelitis. Occasionally, the G. can channel through the jawbone and the oral mucosa, which is called a fistula.

From this fistula emptied from time to time – mostly on pressure – smaller amounts of pus. Treatment of the granuloma usually conservative over the root canal (trepanation) of the tooth or surgically by a Wurzelspitzenresektion; u.U. antibiotic support. The simplest treatment of the granuloma is pulling the affected tooth.

so-called “membrane technique” or “controlled tissue regeneration” in a small space in the context of a systematic gum treatment; e.g. by implanting a membrane (eg from ePTFE (Gore-Tex ™), Bio-Guide (resorbable)) which is introduced as a barrier between the gingival mucosa with the underlying connective tissue and the affected bone or introducing gels (“biologically controlled regeneration”, BGR, such as Emdogain ™) into the periodontal pocket circularly around the cervical area with the goal of delayed cell regeneration (“artificial wound healing control”).

also known as “artificial tooth roots” or “implanted teeth”. In dentistry mainly of ceramics, titanium and specially coated synthetic materials. In medicine, the operative introduction of living organ parts into the body as transplantation, that of artificially created, the respective organ function mimicking structures, as implantation. Through special surgical procedures and improved, more tissue-friendly materials (e.g., coated surfaces), the dental success rate (95% in the 5-year statistic) of I. has improved significantly in recent years. In the past, the setting of an I. was used only in the toothless jaw. Today, I.

85%) in the reduced residual dentition. Only in exceptional cases, an I. is used directly after removal or accidental loss of a tooth in the fresh wound (“immediate implantation” has nothing to do with an immediate loading of the I!); rather, one waits i.d.R. at least for a period of 4-12 weeks in order to have any existing sites of inflammation healed and to have enough newly formed bone as a “foundation” (implant site).

The argument put forward in part for the immediate implantation – the alveolar process would not regress so much – could not be confirmed in animal experiments. The standard method is now the two-step process, in which in a first surgical section, only the implant body (without the part of the implant, which protrudes into the oral cavity) implanted and about the jaw mucosa is sewn up again, or in other methods, only a small, non-loaded protective cap protrudes into the oral cavity. In this phase, the artificial tooth root is a “closed”, unloaded implant for about 3-6 months and can thus heal optimally (“osseointegration”). In a second step, after healing, the jaw mucosa is surgically reopened and the implant post screwed into the implant body. The final supply can now be done immediately.

Tooth rot, “hole in the tooth“, infectious disease of the tooth; by far the most common human disease (a “sugar-dependent” infectious disease, about 98% of Europeans are affected by it, but with a decreasing trend; in Germany, 0.8% of the population is estimated to have naturally healthy teeth). According to estimates, K. caused € 12 billion in repair costs in Germany alone in 1997 (for comparison, cardiovascular diseases cost “only” € 7.5 billion)..

by preparation (“drilling”) created hollow shape in the tooth for receiving a filling. In the context of modern filling techniques (for example in the etching technique), considerations that are gentle on tooth substance are increasingly dispensed with, and the laying of the filling margin in areas of low caries is increasingly dispensed with. In addition, the so-called “white fillings” have a different statics, which allows such a procedure. An indispensable prerequisite for such a procedure, however, is good oral hygiene.

Name for the alveolar process in the edentulous jaw or in areas of the jaw that are no longer dentate. Its extent is of great importance for the function of removable dentures, especially full dentures.

Bone graft; A distinction is made between true K. derived from one’s own body (autogenous, autologous), from foreign human donors (allogeneic, due to immunological reactions and the risk of HIV infection today) or of animal origin (xenogeneic, since becoming known) bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is not uncontroversial; representatives BioOss®) are and in artificial materials (alloplastic), such as hydroxyapatite (most important component of bones and teeth), tricalcium phosphates (eg Cerasorb®), Perioglas®, metals (eg titanium), ceramics and injectable geel.

New on the market are genetically engineered bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) or platelet-rich blood plasma (PRP), which stimulate the cartilage and bone-forming cells of the body; they seem to become the future drug of choice in conjunction with suitable vehicles. K. is mainly used in the ZHK in augmentation, sinus lifting and filling of bone defects in the context of maxillofacial surgery (for example in large cysts), periodontics and implantology. If true K. are not available in sufficient quantity, so arise in foreign bones often problems with the antigens and theoretically possible infections (HIV, hepatitis, BSE) Therefore, even from the own body obtained (autogenic) grafts are still considered the optimum.

very elastic and almost tear-resistant rubber blanket (latex / silicone), which is stretched over individual teeth or groups of teeth and held by appropriate clips (“rubber dams”) or threads (ligatures) along the gum line. The tooth crown protrudes from the rubber dam through previously individually made holes and thus allows a clean and dry treatment – without access to blood and saliva – of the corresponding tooth. Rubber dam is a commonly required requirement in most newer types of filling and in endodontics; however, routine use in the dental practice is limited because of its “cumbersome” and inexpert handling and patient retention (e.g., communication is severely limited, the patient feels constrained).

lat .: compositus = composed, engl. Composite (s), belonging to the group of “white fillings”; from a plastic matrix and fillers (ceramic, quartz) composite tooth-colored filling material mainly for the anterior region, for some years also for the molar region. While the matrix according to the so-called “Bowen formula” is almost the same, the different composite plastics differ in the type and size of the packing (see also under Polyglas). Curing – which comes with a change in volume (polymerization shrinkage) of about 2-4% – is done with most composite plastic by means of UV light.

The composite plastics as well as the compomers have been touted in recent years in the amalgam discussion as a real alternative to this filling material – especially from the industry – without having previously provided any final proof. Compared to the easily processed amalgam, composite plastic must be very expensive (acid-etching technique, absolute dryness) and in the molar region i.d.R. be laid in several layers (sandwich technique). In addition, unlike amalgam, composite resins are not “bactericidal” – resulting in increased accumulation of plaque on the filling surfaces and margins; Good oral hygiene, therefore, the most important requirement when using this type of filling.

In dentistry, dark, hard deposits on the root surface are called concrements. It is formed from the secretion of the periodontal pockets and can be distinguished clinically from tartar mainly by its color. Due to the chronic inflammation (chronic periodontitis), which causes such a deposit in the pocket, it always comes back to slight bleeding. The blood components are embedded in the calculus and provide the characteristic brown-black color. By this composition, calculus is stronger than tartar and therefore more difficult to remove.

1.) the visible, protruding from the gum, enamel-coated part of the tooth.
2.) coating as a protective covering over a ground tooth (“tooth stump”) made of metal or ceramic or a combination of both materials; less often made of plastic. The tooth can be reconstructed exactly and, if possible, it should fit harmoniously into the existing dentition in color and shape.
The indication for the crown is usually the strong destruction of the tooth by tooth decay, if fillings can not be permanently anchored, (due) for cosmetic reasons and for attaching dentures.
In addition, abutment crowns are known for prosthetic work (bridges) and protective crowns when anchoring dental prostheses using braces. After the preparation, the materials and the appearance of a crown (metal or tooth colors), there are again different names such as full crown (“gold crown”), veneer crown, VMK crown, jacket crown (full ceramic crown), galvanic crown, plastic crown, pin crown, partial crown, telescope crown etc…
As materials for Krone exist metal alloys, veneered metal alloys (VMK), ceramic materials, and (more rarely) plastics or steel. Crowns are fixed permanently with so-called fixing cements.

Artisanal device for making dentures and their necessary extensions or repairs by specially trained dental technicians. These dental technicians process the impressions or models from the dental practice and then manufacture the appropriate dentures. This procedure is done on the instructions of the dentist.

By a careful cut the gum in the area of the affected teeth is replaced during the flap operation and the exposed tooth roots are cleaned and smoothed under view. Then the gums are attached to the tooth roots and sutured. The aim of the flap operation is a reduction in the pocket depth and elimination of the inflammatory tissue changes as well as improved hygiene of the treated tooth surfaces.

The diseased gums are thus solved for the treatment of gum disease by the jawbone or the gums are cut open and folded to the side, thoroughly cleaned and under view and later sewn back to the original place. Flap plastic surgery is the generic term for a series of periodontal surgical procedures for more severe forms of gingivitis (marginal periodontitis). The roots of the teeth are exposed, cleaned and possibly introduced bone-building materials. Subsequently, the defect is closed again.

Term from dental implantology; This means a (light microscopic) close contact (“structural connection”, the gap is smaller than 20 nm = 20 billionths of a meter) between the implant body and the surrounding alveolar bone; the implant is anchored in the jawbone. The aim is a direct functional and structural composite (visible by light microscopy) of a healed and loaded implant. Strictly speaking, a complete fusion of the implant to the bone is not possible (there is always a thin layer of connective tissue between the two structures), although the term “osseoadaptation” is used.

Periodontal inflammation; Inflammatory shrinkage of the periodontium (periodontium) involving so-called marker germs. Modern definitions refer to periodontal disease as a consequence of a disturbed interrelation between the natural bacterial colonization of the oral cavity (“oral flora”) and the innate (non-specific) immunity of the organism since it is known that e.g. Even in healthy patients almost all a periodontitis causing germs are present.

A recall system describes a patient reassignment system. This prevents patients from missing important control appointments. Also and especially in the periodontal treatment regular checks (initially perhaps even in 2-month intervals, then gradually adapted) are extremely important to detect any oral hygiene deficiencies, in turn, to inform and motivate the patient before it comes to the inflammatory inflammation.

soft, whitish plaque, mainly consisting of a hard-to-wipe off (normal mouth rinsing does not remove plaque, while proper brushing always) bacteria-infected egg white u. polysaccharide-containing mass (“biofilm”). Only from the plaque can develop caries and the so-harmful for the gum tartar. A study by the Institute of German Dentists (IDZ) shows that patients with plaque carry a 5 times higher risk of developing periodontitis. A decisive criterion of the plaque is not their quantity (quantity) but their bacterial composition (quality). Recent studies show that plaque does not necessarily cause disease. Especially severe forms of caries and periodontitis are unrelated to the amount of plaque, but indicate a weakened immune system.

Because of their color and the associated inconspicuousness on the teeth, it is advisable from time to time to represent the plaque with so-called. Färbetabletten so as to check the plastering technique. In addition to the mechanical removal, the plaque formation can also be chemically inhibited by mouthwashes (chlorhexidine, meridol®). This is e.g. then necessary if normal brushing is not possible because of gum treatment, wisdom tooth surgery, nausea in the first months of pregnancy or a broken jaw, as well as in disabled patients as a supportive, caries-preventing measure.

Latin: “fleshy”, dental pulmonary, amateur: “nerve” or “tooth nerve”; living tissue lining the pulp cavity and root canals of a tooth. The pulp consists of numerous blood vessels and the finest nerve endings of the trigeminal nerve. Their outer layer towards the “hard” tooth consists mainly of the dentin (“dentin”) forming odontoblasts. It decreases in size with increasing age. Their excessive irritation or destruction, e.g. by an untreated tooth decay, is often associated with very severe pain (pulpitis). Is used as part of a root canal treatment i.d.R. completely removed and replaced in the root canal area by the so-called root canal filling.

usually on the outer sides of the teeth encountered retraction of the gums with an exposure of the cervix. Affected are mainly the canines. Often triggered by a wrong toothbrushing technique and an overload of the affected teeth. Treatment is needed if there is increased sensitivity of the affected tooth, root surface caries, permanent inflammation at this site or cosmetic impairment. One treats with a mucous membrane graft.

Treatment of recessions. With a small surgical procedure, the gums are again “operated up”, so that an exposed tooth neck is covered again. Various techniques are used, depending on the situation (sliding flaps: apical or coronal displacement, lateral displacement, bipapillary flap, etc.)..

Stopping the airflow through the mouth and nose (breathing) for more than 10 seconds for a variety of reasons. Of dental importance is the so-called. Snoring or sleep apnea, whose exact diagnosis and treatment options can be determined only in a sleep laboratory. If the S. caused by a tongue-related occlusion of the posterior airways, it can with special activator-like devices (IST devices = intra-oral snoring therapy), which advance the lower jaw, cause an increase in the distance between the upper and lower jaw and worn at night be helped with dental support.

lat .: Enamelum; Enamel-like coating of the tooth crown and at the same time hardest substance occurring in the body without a real body metabolism. The enamel is a highly effective protective armor for the visible part of the healthy tooth because it covers – up to 2.5 mm thick – the softer dentin and protects against attacks (mechanical and bacterial metabolites). However, there is some “permeability” of the enamel, such as can be observed during teeth whitening. The enamel is covered by a thin, prism-free enamel layer in all deciduous teeth as well as in about ¾ of the remaining teeth. The coat formed by the so-called adamantoblasts of the enamel organ, giving the tooth its final shape in the form of a fine lattice of enamel prisms, consists of 97% lime (hydroxyapatite) and other inorganic constituents such as fluorine, potassium, sodium and magnesium incorporated therein.

The 1% water content causes it to be slightly permeable to water-soluble substances (e.g., fluoride, calcium, phosphate), allowing for limited “metabolism” via saliva in the oral cavity. In contrast, when acids (bacteria metabolism, food) get to the tooth, the inorganic parts are dissolved out, the grid becomes porous and thus provide an ideal breeding ground for bacteria – the basis for a later caries is prepared. Unlike other body tissue – e.g. the bone – a new formation of fusion in the form of a cure is not possible because the cells forming the enamel die after the tooth has broken through. Only in the early stages of a decalcification – “initial caries” or so-called “white spots” – is a “repair” by restoring minerals mainly from the saliva possible. Due to its hardness, a mechanical treatment of the healthy enamel can only be done with diamond-coated drills. If dentures are located in the counterbite of a healthy occlusal surface, it should be noted that artificial tooth surfaces made of precious metal or plastic are softer, those made of ceramics are harder than the enamel.

also acid etching technique (SÄT). Special, complex technique when laying “white fillings” (usually in combination with a UV light curing) or attaching fixed dentures (so-called “gluing”). Conditioning is a prerequisite for working correctly with composites and when working with adhesive cements; This is the only way to ensure an intimate bond between restorative material or tooth replacement materials and the tooth and to prevent secondary caries, discoloration and pain after the filling has been laid. However, until today – despite all the advertising promises of the manufacturers – there is still no material that guarantees a gap-free connection with all tooth structures. In the meantime, SÄT has learned about its further development towards total etching / total bonding technology. The principle of conditioning is based on the fact that a low-viscous monomer (adhesive = “liquid plastic”) ensures a bond between the hard tooth substance (enamel, dentin) on the one hand and the corresponding restorative material (“composites”) on the other hand.

In order to provide the unfilled (and now minimally filled) adhesive with optimal adhesion conditions for its micromechanical adhesion to the tooth, it must be pretreated accordingly. Since the Black’s rules can be neglected from a static point of view in the case of SÄT, it is easier to cleanse the teeth (so-called “minimally invasive procedure”). An indispensable prerequisite for such a procedure, however, is good oral hygiene, since the filling margins no longer lie exclusively in areas that are easily accessible to natural cleansing. The SÄT has recently been used with great success also for securing fillings and dental prostheses (ceramic inlay, adhesive bridge, veneers) made outside the mouth.

very light (specific weight of 4.5) and stable, hard to process non-precious metal, which is extremely corrosion-resistant and biocompatible due to its rapidly formed oxide layer (spontaneous passivation). This means that damage to the passive layer (in the oral cavity or in the body tissue) quickly regenerates in the presence of oxygen. Only in the context of caries prophylaxis in the oral cavity located fluorides can relatively quickly lead to concentrated use (especially highly concentrated, acidic fluoride preparations) to a destruction of the passive layer, which can cause serious defects in the titanium. Titanium was introduced to dentistry by the implants, whose main indication is still today.

With the development of new – but very expensive – cast iron systems, it has been possible to solve the main problems of processing and thus to make this metal usable for dentures as well; However, no breakthrough was achieved in this area – mainly for processing reasons, but also due to disruption of the oxide layer under chewing load (abrasion) and thus increased plaque accumulation. Facing with ceramics (metal ceramics) often fails because of lack of oxide adhesion. Titanium is processed in the ZHK either as pure titanium (without other components), unalloyed titanium (sum of the accompanying elements (iron, nitrogen, hydrogen)

Veneering, veneer crowns, veneering the visible tooth surfaces with thin ceramic or plastic shells, which, unlike the jacket crown, do not completely cover the tooth. The visible surfaces are ground down very thinly and are either supplied directly with composite materials in the mouth (“chairside”) or provided with ceramic or plastic-like veneers (“labside”) made in the dental laboratory by means of adhesive technology. Unlike the jacket crown, in which the tooth has to be ground relatively relatively strong due to the design, only little healthy tooth substance is lost in this technique.

Making and incorporating veneers requires a very high degree of precision and time. The Veneering can be corrected in addition to a whitening of the tooth color and a removal of tooth stains also to large interdental spaces (such as a Diastema) or crooked teeth. It is estimated that in about half of the cases a veneer could be used instead of a crown. Due to the German insurance system – i.d.R. No reimbursement or cost sharing by the health insurance – but it is made relatively little use of it.

correct name: metal-ceramic composite system (as there are no metal ceramics). Crown or bridge tooth replacement, in which, for biocompatible and cosmetic reasons, the metal framework made of a special alloy (“bonding alloy”) is provided with a ceramic mass in a sintering process (“micro-toothing”). Adhesion between the two materials is of central importance: this is influenced by the surface preparation of the metal, the wetting of the metal by the ceramic and the type of stress in the ceramic. By correspondingly forming oxides (“oxide fire”) when heating the metal wetting with the ceramic is facilitated. In addition, it comes through the oxide layer to a “roughening” of the metal surfaces, which offers the adhesive bond in the sense of a gearing a larger surface. Another physical property of the ceramic is of additional importance: the white material tolerates very good pressure but no tension; this means that the ceramic must be under compressive stress after the fire on the metal framework.

Today standard technology for the visible area with very high life expectancy (

15 years). With the tooth-colored veneering of the occlusal surface, it should be noted that the ceramic is harder in abrasion behavior than the natural tooth. A tendency to discoloration – as with plastic – does not know the VMK; Also, the extremely smooth ceramic surface of the “caries bacteria” hardly anchoring points – a Plaqueanlagerung is rarely observed. Even though the M. has reached a high quality standard today, can cover a wide range of indications and toxic damages and allergies are extremely rare with high-quality basic materials, it is above all cosmetic details which the full ceramics and modern further developments of the VMC (eg Galvanocrowns) too to make one of nature almost equal dentures.

Generic term for dental treatment of a diseased or dead tooth nerve with the aim of tooth preservation to create a sterility and a permanent, hermetic, bacteria-tight closure of the entire root canal system especially in its lower part to prevent reinfection. After tapping and complete (or even partial) removal of diseased or purulent decayed tooth nerve, the root canal is thoroughly prepared and cleaned with root canal instruments (hand or machine instruments) (e.g., with hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite), etc. Several times provided with a drug insert and then supplied with a root canal filling. The preparation (dilation) of the root canals is a difficult activity, as it is performed without direct view into the canal; the tactile feeling and the experience of the practitioner are particularly required. In about 2 to 6% of the treatments, it can break the fine root canal instruments, which are difficult to remove.

Root canal preparation by laser – often praised by the industry as “practical” – are currently still subject to considerable technical problems and have an insufficient effectiveness; Serious indications could at most result in germ reduction in the root canal. For the preparation of the root canals ultrasound devices with fine ultrasonically activated root canal needles are increasingly being used. In the US, root canal treatment is increasingly being performed by specialists under a surgical microscope. X-ray (X-ray measurement) or electrical procedures (endometry) are used to control the length of the root canal. Although the success rate of a root canal treatment is large and is recognized as a recognized medical treatment, failures are not excluded, which are expressed in a persistence of pain (usually on (chewing) pressure) and possibly a swelling and pressure sensitivity in the area of the root tip.

After a successfully completed root canal treatment, it is necessary to provide the tooth according to its degree of destruction and its further function. The tooth hard tissue loss through drilling and caries removal almost always leads to an increased susceptibility to breakage of the residual tooth. Basically root canal treated teeth can be restored with plastic building materials. Often, however, it is necessary to provide them with another prosthetic restoration with the help of prefabricated pins or screws and a plastic or cast construction and a crown.

Collum dentis, cervix dentis;
slightly constricted transition between the (visible) tooth enamel (the tooth crown) and the root cementum of the tooth. In healthy gum conditions covered by the gingiva.

Tooth bed, periodontium apparatus; a functional system consisting of gums, tooth roots and alveolar bones. It includes all tissues that feed the tooth, hold in the jaw and cushion under load.

Kiefer cyst; roundly closed, filled with a liquid or mushy material body cavity, which is delimited by a capsule. Cysts, which are relatively common in other areas of the jaw, are always prone to benign (usually slow) enlargement. According to their origin, a distinction is made in the ZHK the radicular cyst, which i.d.R. may develop as a result of granuloma, and the follicular cyst resulting from tooth germs.

In addition, periodontal cysts and traumatic (accidental) cysts are also known. Even after the removal of the cyst-causing tooth grow these – now called Residualzyste – structures on and u.U. Grow to the size of a small chicken egg before breaking the jawbone. Since the cyst – if they are not infected – to a certain size are completely painless, their detection is usually only possible radiographically. Because of the constant growth of the cyst and the associated loss of valuable jaw bone, their removal is urgently required.

Our practice blog

04th October 2019

Prophylaxis: The professional cleaning of teeth at the dentist

Oral hygiene is important, as every patient knows. But even if you clean so well, you can never reach a few places at home in front of the mirror. Therefore, advise … Read more

September 19, 2019

Root canal treatments – now even safer

If you have pulling pain on the tooth, it is usually the root canal that is affected. As a result of a deep tooth decay, the bacteria have “lost their way” through your tooth

01st September 2019

In practice, we are now completely free of latex!

The occurrence of allergies is constantly increasing. In areas that can be influenced by us, we aim to avoid allergic reactions as far as possible and to work in un … Read more

Dentist Dirk Stolley – Dental practice in Dusseldorf

Berliner Allee 56

40212 Dusseldorf (NRW)

Dentistry herne »holistic dental treatment

dentistry Holistic Dentistry in the Dental Clinic Herne The term dentistry is often used as a comprehensive synonym for oral and maxillofacial dentistry….
Dental accident – what to do, center for dentistry

Dental accident – What to do if the tooth has broken off? A dental accident is a very painful and unpleasant experience. Children and adolescents are…
Worth knowing – the dentists osnabrück, dr

useful information With swabs or small spatula is taken from the skin or mucosal surface examination material. This smear is used to detect possible…
Ten tooth myths │ centrum for dentistry

Tooth Myths – Ten Things You Should Know About Dental Care One thing is for sure, if you want to have healthy teeth , you should clean your teeth…